To analyse Hai Jing, the article will use good understanding of the physical natural geography of the Americas as an adequate criterion.

Correspondence A: Alaska Aurora
Other Correspondences: also aurora in California and Patagonia

Shan Hai Jing refers to a huge strange light being, called variously as "Zhu Rong", "Zhu Yin", "Zhu Long", in three passages:

• 6.24: South direction Zhu Rong (God of Fire), beast body human face, rides two dragons.

  8.3: Chong (Bell Mountain) god, name called Zhu Yin (Candle Dark), regarded as daytime, dark as night, blow winter, exhale-out summer, no drink, no eat, no rest, rest wind. Body long 1000 li, dwell nothing east. For the matter, human face snake body, red horns, Habitat Chong (Bell) Mountain below..

  17.32: Outside northwest sea, Chi Shui (Red Water) north, have Zhang Wei (Seal Tail) Mountain. Have god human face snake's body and red, straight eye straight ride, he closes eye become night, he looks become bright. No eat, no lie down, no cease. wind rain is visit, is illuminate 9 Yin, is designated Zhu Long (Illuminating Dragon).

One analyst interprets the 1000 li being in passage 8:3 as is as referring to the aurora.

• Chinese scholar Ming Hua Zhang claimed that the Zhulong, which was a mythical creature mentioned in Classic of the Great Wilderness: North, is symbolizing the aurora (northern light). The Zhulong is (according to Classic) "red, with a human face and a snake body that is thousand mile long. It is the god of Zhong Mountain." He believes that this description matches with the characteristics of aurora. Wikipedia. 2015. Classic of Mountains and Seas/ en-wikipedia.org.

The aurora noted in passages 6:23, 8:3 and 17:32 would correspond respectively to the geographical locations of Alaska, California and Patagonia.

• 1: Ushuaia, Argentina - 10 Best Spots on Earth to Watch the ...https://science.howstuffworks.com › ... › Atmospheric Science Ushuaia, Argentina. It's said to be the southernmost city on the globe, located at the southern tip of Argentina [source: Aurora]. ... The aurora australis can be tough to catch, and even great efforts may fail. For some aurora seekers, that's part of the allure.

  
  

Correspondence B: Hairy People of Alaska and Patagonia

In two passages Shan Hai Jing note the "Hairy People":

• 9.14: The Land of the Hairy People is located north of the Land of the Black-Thighs People. The people here grow hair on their bodies.

  17.12: There is a Land of the Hairy People. The people are surnamed Yi, eat grains and command four kinds of birds. Yu the Great begat Balancer of the Feudal States [Junguo] and Balancer begat Yicai who begat Tall-Breastplant (Xiujia). Tall Breastplate killed Generous Man (Chouren) but the Supreme God took pity on Generous Man and secretly established him in his own kingdom. This was the origin of the Hairy People.

There had been conventional views that these "Hairy People" bodies were covered with hairs. Actually, they were wearing furs! Passage 9:14 refers to Alaska's Eskimos while passage 17:12 refers to Patagonia's Indians, both groups wearing the seal furs.

Correspondence C: Giants

Shan Hai Jing refers to giants in at least three passages: .

• 9.3: Ta Ren (Big person) country at north for big person sit and scrape (shave). One notes at Qiu north

  14.4b: There is a Land of the Giants. There is a marketplace of the Giants called the Hall of the Giants. There is a Giant crouching on top who extends his two ears.

  17.4: Have people name called Da Ren (Big People) (giants), have Da Ren (Giant) Country, one-thousandth name, millet food. Have large green snake, yellow head, eat stag.
  18.17: . In the South dwell the Giants of Gan. They have human faces, long arms, a black body, hair, and feet turned backward. When they see people laughing they also laugh, their lips covering their faces. That is when their captives can flee.

The passages 9:3 would correspond to the Alaska region, while 14:4 the California-Mexico region. Passages 17:4 and 18:17 would refer to Patagoinia. Bones of giants have been dug in Alaska, while Magellan himself reported he saw giants in Patagonia. The Red Indians in the California-Mexico region reported legends that in ancient times there were giants like in the Nevada area.

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